试述机动车双号字码建库的可行性、方法及现实意义

为有效地遏制和打击盗抢机动车犯罪，为侦查人员提供现场识别被盗抢机动车的手段，借鉴DNA和指纹建库的方法，对每款车型的发动机号码和车架号码字母、数字形态建库，利用简单设备，即可实现对可疑机动车辆现场对照查验。     

论“在公共交通工具上抢劫”的认定

抢劫罪八种加重处罚情节中,“在公共交通工具上抢劫”的认定,是司法实践中的一大难点。从立法本意出发,分析“公共交通工具”的含义,可见最高院的司法解释将小型出租汽车和单位内部班车排除在“公共交通工具”之外的合理性。同时未经合法程序审批而实际从事公共旅客运输的机动车,也应视为“公共交通工具”。在公共交通工具上抢劫实际上包含两种情形,其认定应注意几个问题。     

论侵权责任法在机动车交通事故责任纠纷中的适用——从相撞的两车责任人的责任承担方式谈起

两辆机动车发生碰撞造成机动车驾驶人以外的第三人损害的,两车责任人并不构成主观共同侵权,有可能构成自己侵权,也有可能构成客观共同侵权,还有可能构成分别侵权,承担责任的方式也不能一概而论,具体应根据交警部门责任认定书对事故责任的认定,并结合日常经验法则如机动车行驶方向及行驶速度、机动车驾驶人在事故发生时的反应、两行为的结合方式及结合程度等因素综合判断。     

Regulating Autonomy: An Assessment of Policy Language for Highly Automated Vehicles

Self‐driving cars (also known as driverless cars, autonomous vehicles, and highly automated vehicles [HAVs]) will change the regulatory, political, and ethical frameworks surrounding motor vehicles. At the highest levels of automation, HAVs are operated by independent machine agents, making decisions without the direct intervention of humans. The current transportation system assumes human intervention though, including legal and moral responsibilities of human operators. Has the development of these artificial intelligence (AI) and autonomous system (AS) technologies outpaced the ethical and political conversations? This paper examines discussions of HAVs, driver responsibility, and technology failure to highlight the differences between how the policy‐making institutions in the United States (Congress and the Public Administration) and technology and transportation experts are or are not speaking about responsibility in the context of autonomous systems technologies. We report findings from a big data analysis of corpus‐level documents to find that enthusiasm for HAVs has outpaced other discussions of the technology.     

机动车损害赔偿责任主体研究

机动车损害赔偿责任主体的确定具有重要的意义。交通安全法第76条所确立的危险责任只施加在那些其所从事的危险通常已由法律精确定义了的具体特定人身上,即机动车的保有人,对其他并非机动车保有人的驾驶人应当适用过错责任。机动车保有人的确定应当采取运行支配说与运行利益说二元标准,某人是否属于机动车的保有人,要从其是否对该机动车的运行于事实上处于支配管理的地位以及是否从该机动车的运行中获得了利益这两个方面加以判断。     

加入WTO对我国公安车辆管理工作的影响与对策

我国加入WTO之后将对公安交通管理工作提出新的要求。依据透明度的原则,车辆管理的法规应对全社会公开,依据非歧视和国民待遇的原则,应确保车辆地位平等。但是,目前我国公安车辆管理工作存在着诸多的不足:传统车辆管理论车辆发展的新形势不适应;现行的行政审批职能警察的服务职能不适应;警政职能分工不清与现代警务制度不适应;现行的机动车静态管理手段与机动车流动性强的特点不适应;现行的车辆管理业务法规与入世后的新形势不适应;车辆管理政出多门、重复交叉与社会管理的内在要求不适应,与落后的管理手段与信息社会飞速发展的形势不适应。因此,完善车辆管理法规体系,改革审批职能,认真研究车辆犯罪形态,做好预防和打击车辆犯罪工作,改善车辆的管理的工作。     

论我国自动驾驶汽车侵权责任体系的构建——德国《道路交通法》的修订及其借鉴

针对自动驾驶汽车可能带来的法律问题,德国立法者在坚持既有的机动车侵权责任框架和归责传统的同时,还针对自动驾驶汽车的准入以及驾驶人的权利义务等问题,对德国《道路交通法》进行了修订。按照我国侵权责任理论框架来处理自动驾驶汽车侵权问题,会出现责任主体认定模糊、过错判断标准滞后、归责原则混杂等困境。通过对德国理论的分析与借鉴,针对我国自动驾驶汽车侵权问题,有必要重新解读相关规定、明确缺陷认定标准、尽快制定专门的法律规范。     

Crime Trends in the EU

The paper’s aim is to show to EU policy makers, academics, journalists and the general public what the available information tells us about crime levels, trends in crime and public opinion about crime among Member States. The paper centres on an analysis of current trends on crime levels and trends based on the data available both from victimisation surveys and police statistics. The victimisation survey source is the published data collected in the International Crime Victimisation Survey. A separate analysis based on the Eurobarometer was also carried out. Data on police statistics present two separate sources i.e. the Council of Europe Sourcebook and the crime data published annually by the UK Home Office. These two sources both add considerable value to the raw police statistics by their choice of data, their commentary and their technical explanations and definitions. The paper compares data on three crime types (robbery, domestic burglary and theft of a motor vehicle) across the 15 Member States of the European Union (as in 2003). These three types were selected in line with the priorities of the EU Commission and as types of crime that are a major concern for EU-citizens. The paper has been modified from a report produced by the European Crime prevention network for the EU Directorate of Justice and Home Affairs with the permission of the EU. The members of the network are listed in the appendix.     

交通事故处理中常见的车速问题

车速是认定交通事故责任的重要依据之一。交通事故处理中的车速计算方法主要分为现场有制动拖印肇事车辆的速度计算和车辆碰撞事故的车速计算两大类。     

论小区停车法律责任的认定

由于对小区停车法律关系性质的理解存在巨大差异,无论理论界或实务界对小区停车法律责任的认定始终没有形成统一的意见。文章通过对小区停车法律关系性质的分析,以小区停车场的不同权属为切入点对小区停车法律责任的认定分三个方面进行讨论。